BURIAL PLACES OF NORWEGIAN SOVEREIGNS FROM A TO Z

BERGEN (NORWAY)
BURIED IN THE LITTLE CHRIST CHURCH
(Bergen, Lille Kristkirken):

01. King HAROLD IV (+1136)
02. King SIGURD II (+1155).

The church was demolished in the past and the tombs were lost.

n_bergen_kristkirke

BERGEN (NORWAY)
BURIED IN CHRIST CHURCH (Bergen, Kristkirken på Holmen):

01. King MAGNUS V (+1184)
02. King SVERRE SIGURDSSON (+1202)
03. King HÅKON III (+1204)
04. King HÅKON IV (+1263)
05. King ERIC II (+1299)
06. Queen MARGARET OF SCOTLAND (+1283), consort of King Eric II.

All tombs were lost at the demolishion of the church in 1531. There is a memorial to all kings buried there on the site of the high altar.

n_bergen_katedra

BERGEN (NORWAY)
BURIED IN ST OLAV'S CATHEDRAL (Bergen, Domkirke; former Franciscan Church of St Olav, Domkirkegaten):

King MAGNUS VI (+1280)

dk_bordesholm

BORDESHOLM (GERMANY)
ABBEY CHURCH (Bordesholm, Klosterkirche, Lindenplatz):

Cenotaph of King FREDERICK I (+1533).
The double tomb had been made for the then Duke Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein and his first wife Duchess Anna of Brandenburg who was buried in the tomb. Frederick became king of Denmark-Norway and was later buried in Schleswig Cathedral with his second wife Queen Sophia of Pomerania.

dk_celle

CELLE (GERMANY)
BURIED IN THE TOWN CHURCH
(Celle, Stadtkirche, An der Stadtkirche):

Queen CAROLINE MATILDA OF GREAT BRITAIN (+1775), consort of King Christian VII

dk_darlowo

DARŁOWO (POLAND)
BURIED IN OUR LADY’S CHURCH
(Darłowo, kościół Mariacki, ul. Franciszkańska):

King ERIC III OF POMERANIA (+1459)

n_magnus3

DOWNPATRICK/DÚN PÁDRAIG (N. IRELAND)
BURIED IN A BARROW SOUTH OF THE RAILWAY STATION:

King MAGNUS III BAREFOOT (+1103).

The burial place of this king is marked by the runestone raised in 2003 and is situated south of the former railway station next to the train stop called King Magnus' Halt.

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HAUGESUND (NORWAY)
BURIED IN THE ROYAL MOUND
(Haugesund, Haraldshaugen, Haraldshaugvegen):

King HAROLD I FINEHAIR (+940)

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MUNKEDAL (SWEDEN)
BURIED IN FOSS CHURCH (Munkedal, Fosskyrka, Fossvägen):

King EYSTEIN II (+1157).

The tomb has not been preserved.

dk_odense

ODENSE (DENMARK)
BURIED IN ST CANUTE’S CATHEDRAL
(Odense, Skt. Knuds Domkirke, Klosterbakken):

01. King HANS (+1513)
02. Queen CHRISTINA OF SAXONY (+1521), consort of King Hans
03. King CHRISTIAN II (+1559)
04. Queen ELIZABETH OF CASTILE (+1526), consort of King Christian II

n_akershus

OSLO (NORWAY)
BURIED IN THE ROYAL MAUSOLEUM IN AKERSHUS CASTLE CHURCH (Oslo, Akershus Slott, Det kongelige mausoleum, Akershusstranda):

01. King HÅKON V (+1319)
02. Queen EUPHEMIA OF RÜGEN (+1312), wife of King Håkon V
03. King HAAKON VII (+1957)
04. Queen MAUD OF GREAT BRITAIN (+1938), consort of King Haakon VII
05. King OLAV V (+1991).

In 1982 the remains thought to be those of King Håkon V and his Queen Euphemia had been unearthed in the ruins of St Mary's Church in Oslo and translated to the Church of Akershus Castle.

n_oslo_hallvard

OSLO (NORWAY)
BURIED IN ST HALLVARD’S CATHEDRAL
(Oslo, Hallvardskatedralen, Oslogate):

01. King SIGURD I THE CRUSADER (+1130)
02. King MAGNUS IV THE BLIND (+1139)
03. King INGE I THE CROUCHBACK (+1161).

The church had been demolished in the 17th century and the tombs were lost. Only foundations are left.

n_oslo_mariacki

OSLO (NORWAY)
BURIED IN ST MARY’S CHURCH (Oslo, Mariakirke):

01. King HÅKON V (+1319)
02. Queen EUPHEMIA OF RÜGEN (+1312), wife of King Håkon V
03. King MAGNUS VII (+1374)
04. Queen BLANCHE OF NAMUR (+1363), wife of King Magnus VII
05. King HÅKON VI (+1380).

The church was burnt down by Swedish troops in 1523 and the ruin was demolished in 1542. Only foundations are left. All royal tombs were lost.

dk_roskilde

ROSKILDE (DENMARK)
BURIED IN ROSKILDE CATHEDRAL
(Roskilde, Domkirke, Domkirkepladsen):

01. Queen MARGARET I (+1412)
02. King CHRISTOPHER OF BAVARIA (+1448).
The tomb has not been preserved.
03. Queen DOROTHEA OF BRANDENBURG (+1495), consort of kings Christopher of Bavaria and Christian I
04. King CHRISTIAN I (+1481)
05. King CHRISTIAN III (+1559)
06. Queen DOROTHEA OF SAXE-LAUENBURG (+1571), consort of King Christian III
07. King FREDERICK II (+1588)
08. Queen SOPHIA OF MECKLENBURG-SCHWERIN (+1631), consort of King Frederick II
09. King CHRISTIAN IV (+1648)
10. Queen ANNA CATHERINE OF BRANDENBURG (+1612), consort of King Christian IV
11. King FREDERICK III (+1670)
12. Queen SOPHIA AMALIA OF BRUNSWICK-LÜNEBURG (+1685), consort of King Frederick III
13. King CHRISTIAN V (+1699)
14. Queen CHARLOTTE AMALIE OF HESSE-KASSEL(+1714), consort of King Christian V
15. King FREDERICK IV (+1730)
16. Queen LOUISE OF MECKLENBURG-GÜSTROW (+1721), consort of King Frederick IV
17. Queen ANNA SOPHIA REVENTLOW (+1743), consort of King Frederick IV
18. King CHRISTIAN VI (+1746)
19. Queen SOPHIA MAGDALENA OF BRANDENBURG-KULMBACH (+1770), consort of King Christian VI
20. King FREDERICK V (+1766)
21. Queen LOUISE OF GREAT BRITAIN (+1751), consort of King Frederick V
22. Queen JULIANA MARIA OF BRUNSWICK-WOLFENBÜTTEL (+1796), consort of King Frederick V
23. King CHRISTIAN VII (+1808)
24. King FREDERICK VI (+1839)
25. Queen MARIE OF HESSE-KASSEL (+1852), consort of King Frederick VI
26. King CHRISTIAN VIII FREDERICK (+1848)

dk_slesvig

SCHLESWIG (GERMANY)
BURIED IN SCHLESWIG CATHEDRAL
(Schleswiger Dom, Süderdomstr./Kirchstr.):

01. King FREDERICK I (+1533)
02. Queen SOPHIA of POMERANIA (+1568), consort of Frederick I.

Both are buried in the vault under the Ducal Chapel.

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SEIM NEAR BERGEN (NORWAY)
BURIED IN THE ROYAL MOUND:

King HÅKON I THE GOOD (+961)

dk_soro

SORØ (DENMARK)
BURIED IN THE ABBEY CHURCH
(Sorø, klosterkirke, Akademigrunden):

King OLAV IV (+1387).

His heart and viscera were buried in Lund Cathedral, now Sweden.

s_sztokholm_riddarholm

STOCKHOLM (SWEDEN)
BURIED IN RIDDARHOLM CHURCH
(Stockholm, Riddarholmskyrka, Gymnasiegränd):

01. King CHARLES I (+1470)
02. King CHARLES II (+1818).
Buried in a sealed vault under the Gustavianska Chapel.
03. Queen CHARLOTTE OF OLDENBURG (+1818), consort of King Charles II.
Buried in a sealed vault under the Gustavianska Chapel.
04. King CHARLES III JOHN (+1844)
05. Queen DESIDERIA (+1860), consort of King Charles III John
06. King OSCAR I (+1859)
07. Queen JOSEPHINE OF LEUCHTENBURG (+1876), consort of King Oscar I
08. King CHARLES IV (+1872)
09. Queen LOUISE OF THE NETHERLANDS (+1871), consort of King Charles IV
10. King OSCAR II (+1907)
11. Queen SOPHIA OF NASSAU (+1913), consort of King Oscar II

n_trondheim

TRONDHEIM (NORWAY)
BURIED IN NIDAROS CATHEDRAL
(Trondheim, Nidaros Domkirke, Kongsgårdsgaten):

01. King SAINT OLAV II (+1030)
02. King MAGNUS I THE GOOD (+1047)
03. King MAGNUS II (+1069)
04. King OLAV III THE PEACEFUL (+1093)
05. King HÅKON MAGNUSSON (+1095)
06. King OLAV MAGNUSSON (+1115)
07. King EYSTEIN I MAGNUSSON (+1123)
08. King HÅKON II SIGURDSSON (+1162)
09. King GUTTORM (+1204)
10. King INGE II (+1217).

None of the tombs has been preserved, there is an epitaph only.

n_trondheim_mariacki

TRONDHEIM (NORWAY)
BURIED IN ST MARY’S CHURCH (Trondheim, Mariakirke):

King HAROLD III THE HARD RULER (+1066).

The church, called the Old St Mary's (to distinguish it from the present St Mary's) had been demolished in the 12th century and the tomb was lost. The picture above features the present St Mary's (12th-18th c.).

s_vadstena

VADSTENA (SWEDEN)
BURIED IN VADSTENA ABBEY CHURCH
(Vadstena Klosterkyrka, Lasarettsgatan):

01. Queen PHILIPPA OF ENGLAND (+1430), consort of King Eric III of Pomerania
02. Queen CATHERINE (+1450), consort of King Charles I

gb_winchester

WINCHESTER (ENGLAND)
BURIED IN WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL
(Winchester, The Close/Great Minster St):

01. King CANUTE I THE GREAT (+1035)
02. Queen EMMA OF NORMANDY (+1052), consort of King Canute I the Great

LIST OF NORWEGIAN SOVEREIGNS

KINGDOM OF NORWAY FROM 865:
HOUSE OF YNGLING
(Ynglingeætten)
c. 865-932: HAROLD I FINEHAIR (Harald I Hårfagre)
Born in c. 860.
Father: Halfdan Svarte of Vestfold.
Mother: Ragnhild.
Married RAGNHILD of Hedeby (+after 930). Burial place unknown.
His issue who reigned:
-ERIC I BLOODAXE (*c. 895,+954; son of Ragnhild),
-HÅKON I (*c. 920,+961; illegitimate).
Abdicated in c. 930.
Died in c. 932.
Buried in the Royal Mound in Haugesund.

c. 932-935: ERIC I BLOODAXE (Eirik I Blodøks)
Born in c. 895.
Father: King Harold I of Norway. Mother: Queen Ragnhild of Hedeby.
Married GUNHILD Gormsdatter of Denmark (+after 970). Burial place unknown.
His issue who reigned: HAROLD II (*c. 935,+c. 970).
Deposed in c. 935 and exiled in England.
Died in 952/954 at Stainmore, Westmorland, England (murdered). Burial place unknown.

c. 935-961: HÅKON I THE GOOD (Håkon I Adalsteinfostre)
Born in c. 920 at Håkonshella in Hordaland.
Father: King Harold I of Norway. Mother: Tora Mosterstang.
Unmarried.
Died in 961 at Håkonshella near Bergen.
Buried at the Royal Mound at Seim, Hordaland.

c. 961-970: HAROLD II GREYCLOAK (Harald II Gråfell)
Born in c. 935.
Father: King Eric I of Norway. Mother: Queen Gunnhild Gormsdatter of Denmark.
Died in c. 970 in Hals, Denmark (killed). Burial place unknown.

970-995: INTERREGNUM

995 -1000: OLAV I TRYGGVASON
Born in c. 968 at Vika.
Father: King Trygve Olavsson of Vigen. Mother Queen Astrid Eiriksdatter.
Married firstly Geira.
Married secondly Gyda of Dublin.
Married thirdly in c. 995 Gudrun Skeggesdatter.
Married fourthly THYRA Haraldsatter of Denmark (+1000). Burial place unknown.
Died in 1000 in the Battle of Svolder.
His burial place is unknown.

1000-1015: INTERREGNUM

1015-1028: SAINT OLAV II (Olav II Haraldsson)
Born in c. 995.
Father: Harald Grenske. Mother: Åsta Gudbrandsdatter.
Married in c. 1019 ASTRID Olofsdatter of Sweden. Burial place unknown.
His issue who reigned: MAGNUS I (*1024,+1047; illegitimate).
Died in 1030 at Stiklestad.
Buried in Trondheim Cathedral.

1028-1030: CANUTE THE GREAT
(Knut den mektige; King of Denmark and England)
Born in c. 995.
Father: King Sweyn I Forkbeard of Denmark. Mother: Queen Świętosława (Gunhild) of Poland.
Married firstly Ælfgifu.
Married secondly in 1017 EMMA of Normandy (+1052).
His issue who reigned:
-Harold I Harefoot (*1016/17,+1040; King of England; illegitimate),
-SWEYN (+1036; illegitimate),
-Hardicanute (*1018,+1042; King of Denmark and England; son of Emma).
Died in 1035 at Shaftesbury, Dorset.
Buried with his Queen Emma in Winchester Cathedral (England).

1030-1035: SWEYN KNUTSSON (Svein Knutsson)
Born in ?
Father: King Canute the Great of Norway. Mother: Elgiva of Northampton.
Unmarried.
Deposed in 1035.
Died in 1036. Burial place unknown.

1035-1047: MAGNUS I THE GOOD
(Magnus I den gode; King of Denmark)
Born in c. 1024.
Father: King Saint Olav of Norway. Mother: Alfhild, king's concubine.
Unmarried.
Died in 1047 in Alsted, Denmark.
Buried in Trondheim Cathedral.

HOUSE OF ULFING (Huset Ulfing)
1046/47-1066: HAROLD III THE HARD RULER
(Harald III Hardråde)
Born in 1015.
Father: King Sigurd Syr of Ringeringe. Mother: Åsta Gudbrandsdatter.
Married in c. 1043/44 Princess ELIZABETH of Kiev (+after 1045). Burial place unknown.
His issue who reigned:
-Ingegerd (Queen of Denmark and Sweden),
-MAGNUS II (*1048,+1069; illegitimate),
-OLAV III (*c. 1050,+1093; illegitimate).
Died in 1066 at Stamford Bridge, England.
Buried in St Mary's Church at Trondheim (demolished).

1066-1069: MAGNUS II
Born in c. 1049.
Father: King Harold III of Norway. Mother: Tora Torbergsdatter.
Unmarried.
Died in 1069 in Trondheim (Nidaros).
Buried in Trondheim Cathedral.

1067-1093: OLAV III THE PEACEFUL (Olav III Kyrre)
Born in c. 1050.
Father: King Harold III of Norway. Mother: Tora Torbergsdatter.
Married INGRID Svendsdatter of Denmark. Burial place unknown.
His issue who reigned: MAGNUS III (*1073,+1103; illegitimate).
Died in 1093 at Haukbø (Håkeby) near Tanum (now Sweden).
Buried in Trondheim Cathedral.

1093-1095: HÅKON MAGNUSSON
Born in 1069.
Father: King Magnus II of Norway. Mother: unknown.
Unmarried.
Died in 1095 in Dovrefjell.
Buried in Trondheim Cathedral.

1093-1103: MAGNUS III BAREFOOT (Magnus III Berføtt)
Born in 1073.
Father: King Olav III of Norway. Mother: Tora Arnesdatter.
Married in c. 1101 MARGARET Fredkulla of Sweden (+c.1130). Burial place unknown.
His issue who reigned:
-EYSTEIN I (*c. 1088,+1122; illegitimate),
-SIGURD I (*1090,+1130; illegitimate),
-OLAV (*1098,+1115; illegitimate),
-HAROLD IV (*c. 1094,+1136; illegitimate).
Died in 1103 at Connaught, Ireland.
Buried in Downpatrick, N. Ireland.

1103-1115: OLAV MAGNUSSON
Born in 1098.
Father: King Magnus III of Norway.
Died in 1115 in Trondheim (Nidaros).
Buried in Trondheim Cathedral.

1103-1123: EYSTEIN I MAGNUSSON (Øystein I Magnusson)
Born in c. 1088.
Father: King Magnus III of Norway. Mother: unknown.
Married INGEBORG Guttormsdatter. Burial place unknown.
Died in 1123 at Hustad in Fræna.
Buried in Trondheim Cathedral.

1103-1130: SIGURD I THE CRUSADER (Sigurd I Jorsalfar)
Born in c. 1089.
Father: King Magnus III of Norway. Mother: Tora.
Married firstly in 1102 Biadmuin of Ireland.
Married secondly in c. 1116/20 Princess MALMFRID of Kiev (+c. 1138). Burial place unknown.
His issue who reigned: MAGNUS IV (*c. 1115,+1139; illegitimate).
Died in 1130 in Oslo.
Buried in St Hallvard's Cathedral in Oslo (demolished).

1130-1135: MAGNUS IV THE BLIND (Magnus IV Blinde)
Born in c. 1115.
Father: King Sigurd I of Norway. Mother: Borghild Olavsdatter.
Married in c. 1133 Princess CHRISTINE Knudsdatter of Denmark. Repudiated in 1134. Burial place unknown.
Died in 1139 at Holmengrå/Hvaler (murdered).
Buried in St Hallvard's Cathedral in Oslo (demolished).

1130-1136: HAROLD IV (Harald IV Gille)
Born in c. 1102 in Ireland.
Father: King Magnus III of Norway.
Married INGRID Ragnvaldsdatter of Sweden (*c. 1105,+c. 1170). Burial place unknown.
His issue who reigned:
-EYSTEIN II (*c. 1125,+1157),
-SIGURD II (*1133,+1155; illegitimate),
-Brigit (illegitimate, Queen of Sweden),
-INGE I (*1135,+1161).
Died in 1136 in Bergen (murdered).
Buried in the Little Christ Church in Bergen (demolished).

1136-1155: SIGURD II (Sigurd II Munn)
Born in 1133.
Father: King Harold IV of Norway. Mother: Tora Guttormsdatter.
Unmarried.
His issue who reigned:
-HÅKON II (*1147,+1162; illegitimate),
-SVERRE (*c. 1151,+1202; illegitimate/fatherhood disputed).
Died in 1155 in Bergen (killed).
Buried in the Little Christ Church at Holmen in Bergen (demolished).

1136-1161: INGE I THE CROUCHBACK (Inge I Krokrygg)
Born in c. 1135.
Father: King Harold IV of Norway. Mother: Queen Ingrid of Sweden.
Unmarried.
Died in 1161 in Oslo.
Buried in St Hallvard's Cathedral in Oslo (demolished).

1142-1157: EYSTEIN II (Øystein II)
Born in c. 1125 in the Scottish islands.
Father: King Harold IV of Norway. Mother: Biadoc.
Married RAGNA Nikolasdatter. Burial place unknown.
Died in 1157 in Ranrike, now Sweden.
Buried in Foss Church, now in Munkedal, Sweden (no tomb).

1159-1162: HÅKON II THE BROAD-SHOULDERED
(Håkon II Herdebrei)
Born in 1147 in Viken.
Father: King Sigurd II of Norway. Mother: Thora.
Unmarried.
Died in 1162 in Romsdalen.
Firstly buried in Romsdalen, later reburied in Trondheim Cathedral (then Christ Church in Nidaros).

1161-1184: MAGNUS V
Born in 1156.
Father: Erling Skakke. Mother: Princess Christina of Norway.
Probably married Elrid Bjarnesdatter.
He was crowned in 1163 in Christ Church in Bergen.
Died in 1184 near Fimreite.
Buried in Christ Church in Bergen (demolished).

1177-1202: SVERRE SIGURDSSON
Born in 1151 probably in Bergen.
Father: King Sigurd II of Norway (disputed). Mother: Gunhild.
Married in 1185 Princess MARGARET Eriksdatter of Sweden (+1209). Burial place unknown.
He was crowned in 1194 in Christ Church in Bergen.
His issue who reigned: HÅKON III (*c. 1180,+1204; son of Astrid).
Died in 1202 in Bergen.
Buried in Christ Church in Bergen (demolished).

1202-1204: HÅKON III
Born in before 1185.
Father: King Sverre Sigurdsson of Norway. Mother: unknown.
Unmarried.
His issue who reigned: HÅKON IV (*1204,+1263; illegitimate).
Died in 1204 at Bergen.
Buried in Christ Church in Bergen (demolished).

1204: GUTTORM
Born in 1185.
Father: Sigurd Lavard. Mother: unknown.
Died in 1204 in Nidaros (Trondheim).
Buried in Trondheim Cathedral.

1204-1217: INGE II
Born in 1185.
Father: Bård Guttormsson. Mother: Princess Cecilia of Norway.
Died in 1217 in Nidaros (Trondheim).
Buried in Trondheim Cathedral.

1217-1263: HÅKON IV
Born in 1204 at Folkenborg, now in Eidsberg.
Father: King Håkon III of Norway. Mother: Inga of Varteig.
Married in 1225 MARGARET Skulesdatter (*c. 1210,+1270 Rein). Burial place unknown.
He was crowned with his consort Margaret in 1247 in Christ Church in Bergen.
His issue who reigned: MAGNUS VI (*1238,+1280).
Died in 1263 at Kirkwall in the Orkney Islands.
Buried in Christ Church in Bergen in 1264 (demolished).

1263-1280: MAGNUS VI THE LAW MENDER
(Magnus VI Lagabøte)
Born in 1238 in Tønsberg.
Father: King Haakon IV of Norway. Mother: Queen Margaret.
Married in 1261 in Bergen Princess INGEBORG of Denmark (*1244,+1287 Bergen).
He was crowned with his consort Ingeborg of Denmark in 1261 in Christ Church in Bergen.
His issue who reigned:
-ERIC II (*1268,+1299),
-HÅKON V (*1270,+1319).
Died in 1280 in Bergen.
Buried in St Olav's Cathedral, Bergen.

1280-1299: ERIC II (Eirik II)
Born in 1268.
Father: King Magnus VI of Norway. Mother: Queen Ingeborg of Denmark.
Married firstly in 1281 in Bergen Princess MARGARET of Scotland (*1261 Windsor,+1283 Tønsberg).
Married secondly in 1293 in Bergen ISABELLA Bruce (*1280,+1358 Bergen). Burial place unknown.
He was crowned in 1280 in Christ Church in Bergen.
His consort Margaret of Scotland was crowned in 1281 in Christ Church in Bergen.
His issue who reigned: Margaret (*1283,+1290; Queen of Scotland; daughter of Margaret).
Died in 1299 in Bergen.
Buried with his Queen Margaret of Scotland in Christ Church in Bergen (demolished).

1299-1319: HÅKON V
Born in 1270 in Tønsberg.
Father: King Magnus VI of Norway. Mother: Queen Ingeborg of Denmark.
Married in 1299 Princess EUPHEMIA of Rügen (*c. 1280,+1312).
He was crowned with his consort Euphemia in 1299 in St Mary's Church in Oslo.
Died in 1319 at Tunsberghus.
Buried firstly with his Queen Euphemia in St Mary's Church in Oslo. In 1982 the remains thought to be those of Håkon V and his queen had been unearthed and translated to the Church of Akershus Castle in Oslo.

MISCELLANEOUS HOUSES
1319-1355: MAGNUS VII

(King of Sweden as Magnus III Eriksson)
Born in 1316.
Father: Prince Erik of Sweden. Mother: Princess Ingeborg of Norway.
Married in 1335 in Norway Countess BLANCHE of Namur (*c.1320 Namur,+1363 Tunsberghus).
He was crowned with his consort in 1336 at Stockholm Cathedral.
His issue who reigned:
-Eric XII (*1338/39,+1359; King of Sweden),
-HAAKON VI (*1340,+1380).
Died in 1374 near Lyngholmen at Bømmelfjord (drowned).
Probably buried with his Queen Blanche in St Mary's Church in Oslo.

1343-1380: HÅKON VI (King of Sweden)
Born in 1340.
Father: King Magnus VII of Norway and Sweden. Mother: Queen Blanche of Namur.
Married in 1363 in Copenhagen MARGARET I of Denmark (*1353,+1412).
His issue who reigned: OLAV IV (*1370,+1387; King of Denmark).
Died in 1380 in Oslo.
Buried at St Mary's Church in Oslo.
His consort Queen Margaret I was buried in Roskilde Cathedral, Denmark.

1381-1387: OLAV IV (King of Denmark as Oluf II/III)
Born in 1370 in Oslo.
Father: King Haakon VI of Norway. Mother: Queen Margaret I of Denmark.
Unmarried.
Died in 1387 at Falsterbo Castle, Scania.
Buried in Sorø Abbey Church, Denmark.

1388-1412: MARGARET
(Margrete; Queen of Denmark and Sweden)
Born in 1353 at Søborg Castle.
Father: King Valdemar IV of Denmark. Mother: Queen Helvig of Schleswig.
Married in 1363 in Copenhagen King Haakon VI of Norway (*1340,+1380).
Her issue who reigned: OLUF III (*1370,+1387).
Died in 1412 in Flensborg Fjord.
Buried firstly in Sorø Cloister Church. In 1413 she was reburied in Roskilde Cathedral.

1389-1442: ERIC III OF POMERANIA
(Eirik III av Pommern; King of Denmark and Sweden)
Born in c. 1382 in Darłowo, Pomerania.
Father: Duke Vartislav VII of Pomerania. Mother: Duchess Maria of Mecklenburg.
Married in 1406 in Lund Princess PHILIPPA of England (*1394,+1430 Vadstena).
He was crowned in 1397 in Kalmar.
His consort Philippa of England was crowned in 1406 in Lund Cathedral.
Dethroned in 1442 and returned to Pomerania.
Died in 1459 in Pomerania.
Buried firstly in the Abbey of Bukowo. In 1654 reburied in Our Lady's Church in Darłowo (Pomerania, Poland). His Queen Philippa was buried at Abbey Church in Vadstena, Sweden.

1442-1448: CHRISTOPHER OF BAVARIA
(Christoffer av Bayern; King of Denmark and Sweden)
Born in 1416.
Father: John I of Neumarkt. Mother: Catherine of Pomerania.
Married in 1445 in Copenhagen DOROTHEA of Brandenburg (*c. 1430,+1495 Kalundborg).
He was crowned in 1442 in Oslo.
Died in 1448 in Helsingborg, Scania.
Buried with his Queen Dorothea in Roskilde Cathedral. His tomb was not preserved.

1448-1450: CHARLES I (Karl I Knutsson; King of Sweden as Charles VIII)
Born in 1408/09 probably in Finland.
Father: Knut Bonde. Mother: Margareta Karlsdotter.
Married firstly in 1428 at Ekholmen in Veckholm Birgitta Turesdotter (+1436 Stockholm).
Married secondly in 1438 in Stockholm CATHERINE (Katarina) Karlsdotter (*c. 1415/20+1450).
Married thirdly in 1470 Kristina Abrahamsdotter. The marriage was morganatic.
He was crowned in 1449 in Trondheim Cathedral.
Deposed in 1450.
Died in 1470 in Stockholm.
Buried at Riddarholm Church in Stockholm.
His Queen Catherine was buried in Vadstena Abbey.

HOUSE OF OLDENBURG (Huset Oldenburg)
1450-1481: CHRISTIAN I (King of Denmark and Sweden)
Born in 1426.
Father: Diderik of Oldenburg. Mother: Hedvig of Holstein.
Married in 1449 in Copenhagen Christopher III's widow Dowager Queen DOROTHEA of Brandenburg (*c. 1430,+1495 Kalundborg).
He was crowned in 1450 in Trondheim Cathedral.
His issue who reigned:
-HANS (*1455,+1513),
-Margaret (*1456,+1486; Queen of Scotland),
-FREDERICK I (*1471,+1533).
Died in 1481 in Copenhagen.
Buried with his Queen Dorothea in Roskilde Cathedral.

1481-1483: INTERREGNUM

1483-1513: HANS (King of Denmark and Sweden)
Born in 1455 in Aalborg.
Father: King Christian I of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Dorothea of Brandenburg.
Married in 1478 in Copenhagen CHRISTINA of Saxony (*1461 Torgau,+1521 Odense).
He was crowned with his consort Christina of Saxony in 1483 in Trondheim Cathedral.
His issue who reigned:
-CHRISTIAN II (*1481,+1559),
-Elizabeth (*1485,+1555; Electress of Brandenburg).
Died in 1513 in Aalborg.
Buried firstly with his Queen Christina at Franciscan Church in Odense.
In 1805 their remains were translated to St Canute's Cathedral in Odense.

1513-1523: CHRISTIAN II (King of Denmark and Sweden)
Born in 1481 in Nyborg.
Father: King Hans I of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Christina of Saxony.
Married in 1515 in Copenhagen Princess ELIZABETH of Castile (*1501 Gent,+1526 Zwijnaarde near Gent).
His issue who reigned: Christine (*1521,+1590; Duchess of Milan).
Dethroned in 1523 and exiled in the Low Countries.
Captured and imprisoned following his restoration attempt in 1532.
Died in 1559 in captivity at Kalundborg Castle.
Buried firstly at Franciscan Church in Odense. In 1805 reburied in St Canute's Cathedral in Odense.
His Queen Elizabeth was firstly buried at St Peter's Cloister Church in Gent. In 1883 her remains were translated to St Canute's Cathedral in Odense.

1523-1533: FREDERICK I (Frederik I; King of Denmark)
Born in 1471 at Haderslev.
Father: King Christian I of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Dorothea of Brandenburg.
Married firstly in 1502 at Stendal Princess Anna of Brandenburg (*1487 Berlin,+1514 Kiel).
Married secondly in 1518 at Kiel Princess SOPHIA of Pomerania (*1498 Szczecin,+1568 Kiel).
He and his consorts were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned:
-CHRISTIAN III (*1503,+1559; son of Anna),
-Dorothea (*1504,+1547; Duchess of Prussia; daughter of Anna),
-Elizabeth (*1524,+1586; Duchess of Mecklenburg; daughter of Sophia).
Died in 1533 at Gottorp Castle in Schleswig.
Buried with his Queen Sophia in Schleswig (Slesvig) Cathedral.
His first consort Duchess Anna of Brandenburg was buried in Bordesholm Abbey Church, Holstein.

1534-1559: CHRISTIAN III (King of Denmark)
Born in 1503 at Gottorp Castle, Schleswig.
Father: King Frederick I of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Duchess Anna of Brandenburg.
Married in 1525 in Lauenburg DOROTHEA of Saxe-Lauenburg (*1511 Lauenburg,+1571 Sønderborg).
He and his consort were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned:
-Anna (*1532,+1585; Electress of Saxony),
-FREDERICK II (*1534,+1588),
-Dorothea (*1546,+1617; Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg).
Died in 1559 at Kolding Castle.
Buried with his Queen Dorothea in Roskilde Cathedral (she was buried in Sønderborg Castle Church until 1581).

1559-1588: FREDERICK II (Frederik II; King of Denmark)
Born in 1534 in Haderslev.
Father: King Christian III of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg.
Married in 1572 in Copenhagen SOPHIA of Mecklenburg (*1557 Wismar,+1631 Nykøbing-Falster).
He and his consort were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned:
-Elizabeth (*1573,+1626; Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel),
-Anne (*1574,+1619; Queen of Scotland and England),
-CHRISTIAN IV (*1577,+1648),
-Hedvig (*1581,+1641; Electress of Saxony).
Died in 1588 at Antvorskov Castle near Slagelse.
Buried with his Queen Sophia in Roskilde Cathedral.

1588-1648: CHRISTIAN IV (King of Denmark)
Born in 1577 at Frederiksborg Castle (Hillerød).
Father: King Frederick II of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Sophia of Mecklenburg.
Married firstly in 1597 in Haderslev ANNA CATHERINE of Brandenburg (*1575 Wolmirstedt,+1612 Copenhagen).
Married secondly and morganatically in 1615 Kirsten Munk (*1598 Nørlund,+1658). Divorced in 1629.
He and his first consort were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned: FREDERICK III (*1609,+1670; son of Anna Catherine).
Died in 1648 in Copenhagen.
Buried with his Queen Anna Catherine in Roskilde Cathedral.
His second wife Kirsten Munk was buried in Odense Cathedral.

1648-1670: FREDERICK III (Frederik III; King of Denmark)
Born in 1609 in Haderslev.
Father: King Christian IV of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Anna Catherine of Brandenburg.
Married in 1643 at Glücksburg Castle in Schleswig SOPHIA AMALIA of Brunswick-Lüneburg (*1628 Herzberg am Harz,+1685 Copenhagen).
He and his consort were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned:
-CHRISTIAN V (*1646,+1699),
-Anna Sophia (*1647,+1717; Electress of Saxony),
-George (*1653,+1708; married to Queen Anne of England),
-Ulrica Eleanora (*1656,+1693; Queen of Sweden).
Died in 1670 in Copenhagen.
Buried with his Queen Sophia Amalia in Roskilde Cathedral.

1670-1699: CHRISTIAN V (King of Denmark)
Born in 1646 in Flensborg (Schleswig).
Father: King Frederick III of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Sophia Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Married in 1667 in Nykøbing-Falster CHARLOTTE AMALIE of Hesse-Kassel (*1650 Kassel,+1714 Copenhagen).
He and his consort were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned: FREDERICK IV (*1671,+1730).
Died in 1699 in Copenhagen.
Buried with his Queen Charlotte Amalie in Roskilde Cathedral.

1699-1730: FREDERICK IV (Frederik IV; King of Denmark)
Born in 1671 in Copenhagen.
Father: King Christian V of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel.
Married firstly in 1695 in Copenhagen Princess LOUISE of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (*1667 Güstrow,+1721 Copenhagen).
Married secondly, morganatically and bigamously, in 1703 Helene von Vieregg (*1679,+1704).
Married thirdly in 1712 Countess ANNA SOPHIA Reventlow (*1693 Clausholm Castle,+1743 Clausholm Castle). The marriage was morganatic and bigamous (until 1721).
He and his consorts were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned: CHRISTIAN VI (*1699,+1746; son of Louise).
Died in 1730 in Odense.
Buried with his two consorts, Queen Louise and Queen Anna Sophia, in Roskilde Cathedral.

1730-1746: CHRISTIAN VI (King of Denmark)
Born in 1699 in Copenhagen.
Father: King Frederick IV of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow.
Married in 1721 in Pretzsch SOPHIA MAGDALENA of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (*1700 Schönberg,+1770 Hirschholm Castle).
He and his consort were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned:
-FREDERICK V (*1723,+1766),
-Louise (*1726,+1756; Duchess of Saxe-Hildburghausen).
Died in 1746 at Hirschholm Castle (now Hørsholm).
Buried with his Queen Sophia Magdalena in Roskilde Cathedral.

1746-1766: FREDERICK V (Frederik V; King of Denmark)
Born in 1723 in Copenhagen.
Father: King Christian VI of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Sophia Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.
Married firstly in 1743 in Copenhagen Princess LOUISE of Great Britain (*1724 London,+1751 Copenhagen).
Married secondly in 1752 in Frederiksborg Castle JULIANA MARIA of Brunswick-Wolfebüttel (*1729 Wolfenbüttel,+1796 Fredensborg)
He and his consorts were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned:
-Sophia Magdalena (*1746,+1813; Queen of Sweden; daughter of Louise),
-Wilhelmina Caroline (*1747,+1820; Electress of Hesse-Kassel; daughter of Louise),
-CHRISTIAN VII (*1749,+1808; son of Louise).
Died in 1766 in Copenhagen.
Buried with his two queens in Roskilde Cathedral.

1766-1808: CHRISTIAN VII (King of Denmark)
Born in 1749 in Copenhagen.
Father: King Frederick V of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Louise of Great Britain.
Married in 1766 in Copenhagen Princess CAROLINE MATILDA of Great Britain (*1751 London,+1775 Celle near Hanover). Divorced in 1772.
He and his consort were never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned: FREDERICK VI (*1768,+1839).
Died in 1808 in Rendsburg (Rendsborg), Holstein.
Buried in Roskilde Cathedral.
His Queen Caroline Matilda was buried in the Town Church in Celle near Hanover (Germany).

1808-1814: FREDERICK VI (Frederik VI; King of Denmark)
Born in 1768 in Copenhagen.
Father: King Christian VII of Norway-Denmark. Mother: Queen Caroline Matilda of Great Britain.
Married in 1790 in Gottorp, Schleswig MARIE of Hesse-Kassel (*1767 Hanau,+1852 Copenhagen).
He and his consort were never crowned in Norway.
Died in 1839 in Copenhagen.
Buried with his Queen Marie in Roskilde Cathedral.

1814: CHRISTIAN VIII FREDERICK
(Christian Frederik; King of Denmark)
Born in 1786 in Copenhagen.
Father: Prince Frederik of Denmark. Mother: Princess Sophie Frederikke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
Married firstly in 1806 in Ludwigslust Princess Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (*1784 Ludwigslust,+1840 Rome). Divorced in 1810. She was buried in the Teutonic Cemetery in Rome.
Married secondly in 1815 in Augustenborg, Schleswig Princess Caroline Amalie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg- Augustenborg (*1796 Copenhagen,+1881 Copenhagen).
He was never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned: Frederick VII (*1808,+1863; King of Denmark; son of Charlotte Frederica).
Died in 1848 in Copenhagen.
Buried with his second consort Queen Caroline Amalie in Roskilde Cathedral.

HOUSE OF HOLSTEIN-GOTTORP (Huset Holstein-Gottorp)
1814-1818: CHARLES II (Karl II; King of Sweden as Charles XIII)
Born in 1748 in Stockholm.
Father: King Adolphus Frederick of Sweden. Mother: Queen Louise Ulrica.
Married in 1774 in Stockholm HEDVIG CHARLOTTE of Oldenburg (*1759 Eutin,+1818 Stockholm).
He was never crowned in Norway.
Died in 1818 in Stockholm.
Buried with his Queen Hedvig Charlotte in Stockholm's Riddarholm Church (in a sealed vault under the Gustavianska Chapel).

HOUSE OF BERNADOTTE (Huset Bernadotte)
1818-1844: CHARLES III JOHN (Karl III Johan; King of Sweden as Charles XIV John)
Born in 1763 in Pau, France.
Father: Henri Bernadotte. Mother: Jeanne de Saint Jean.
Married in 1798 in Sceaux, France Désirée (DESIDERIA) Clary (*1777 Marseilles,+1860 Stockholm).
He was crowned in 1818 in Trondheim Cathedral.
His issue who reigned: OSCAR I (*1799,+1859).
Died in 1844 in Stockholm.
Buried with his Queen Desideria in Stockholm's Riddarholm Church.

1844-1859: OSCAR I (King of Sweden)
Born in 1799 in Paris.
Father: King Charles III John of Norway-Sweden. Mother: Queen Desideria.
Married in 1823 in Stockholm JOSEPHINE of Leuchtenburg (*1807 Milan,+1876 Stockholm).
He was never crowned in Norway.
His issue who reigned:
-CHARLES IV (*1826,+1872),
-OSCAR II (*1829,+1907).
Died in 1859 in Stockholm.
Buried with his Queen Josephine in Stockholm's Riddarholm Church.

1859-1872: CHARLES IV (Karl IV; King of Sweden as Charles XV)
Born in 1826 in Stockholm.
Father: King Oscar I of Norway-Sweden. Mother: Queen Josephine.
Married in 1850 in Stockholm Princess LOUISE of the Netherlands (*1828 The Hague,+1871 Stockholm).
He was crowned with his consort in 1860 in Trondheim Cathedral.
His issue who reigned: Louise (*1851,+1926; Queen of Denmark).
Died in 1872 in Malmö.
Buried with his Queen Louise in Stockholm's Riddarholm Church.

1872-1905: OSCAR II (King of Sweden)
Born in 1829 in Stockholm.
Father: King Oscar I of Norway-Sweden. Mother: Queen Josephine.
Married in 1857 in Biebrich Princess SOPHIA of Nassau (*1836 Biebrich,+1913 Stockholm).
He was crowned with his consort in 1873 in Trondheim Cathedral.
His issue who reigned: Gustavus V (*1858,+1950; King of Sweden).
He was deposed by the Norwegian Parliament in 1905.
Died in 1907 in Stockholm.
Buried with his Queen Sophia in Stockholm's Riddarholm Church.

HOUSE OF OLDENBURG (Huset Oldenburg)
1905-1957: HAAKON VII
Born in 1872 in Charlottenlund, Gentofte near Copenhagen as Prince Carl of Denmark.
Father: King Frederik VIII of Denmark. Mother: Queen Louise of Sweden-Norway.
Married in 1896 in London Princess MAUD of Great Britain (*1869 London,+1938 London).
He and his consort were crowned in 1906 in Trondheim Cathedral.
His issue who reigned: OLAV V (*1903,+1991 Oslo).
Exiled in Great Britain during German occupation of Norway 1940-1945.
Died in 1957 in Oslo.
Buried with his Queen Maud in the Chapel of Akershus Castle in Oslo.

1957-1991: OLAV V
Born in 1903 in Sandringham, England.
Father: King Haakon VII of Norway. Mother: Queen Maud.
Married in 1929 in Oslo Princess Martha of Sweden (*1901 Stockholm,+1954 Oslo).
He was never crowned.
His issue who reigned: HAROLD V (*1937).
Died in 1991 in Oslo.
Buried with his consort Princess Martha in the Chapel of Akershus Castle in Oslo.

FROM 1991: HAROLD V (Harald V)
Born in 1937 in Asker near Oslo.
Father: King Olav V of Norway. Mother: Princess Martha of Sweden.
Married in 1968 in Oslo SONJA Haraldsen (*1937 Oslo).
He was never crowned.
Issue of marriage: Martha Louise (*1971); Håkon Magnus (*1973).

TOMBS OF NORWEGIAN SOVEREIGNS

01. The burial mound of King HAROLD I FINEHAIR in Haugesund (Norway).
02. The memorial plaque on the grave of King HAROLD FINEHAIR in Haugesund (Norway).

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The Royal Mound in Seim where King HÅKON I THE GOOD was buried




























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The mortuary chest of King CANUTE THE GREAT and his Queen EMMA in Winchester Cathedral (England)

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The epitaph to the kings of Norway buried in Trondheim Cathedral (Norway):
SAINT OLAF, MAGNUS THE GOOD, OLAF III, HÅKON MAGNUSSON, OLAF MAGNUSSON, EYSTEIN I, HÅKON THE BROAD-SHOULDERED, GUTTORM, INGE II.
 































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The runestone on the burial place of King MAGNUS III BAREFOOT in Downpatrick (N. Ireland)












































































01. The monument to all kings buried in Christ Church in Bergen (Norway), raised on the site of the high altar of the demolished church.
02. The memorial plaque to the kings of Norway buried in Christ Church in Bergen (Norway):
MAGNUS V, SVERRE SIGURDSSON, HÅKON III, HÅKON IV and Queen MARGARET OF SCOTLAND, consort of King Eric II.



























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The epitaph to King MAGNUS VI in the Cathedral of Bergen (Norway)













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The burial site of King HÅKON V in the ruins of St Mary's Church in Oslo (Norway)



























01. The tombstone from the tomb of King OLAV IV in Sorø Abbey Church (Denmark).
02. The tomb of Queen MARGARET in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark).

01. The tomb of King ERIC III OF POMERANIA in Our Lady's Church in Darłowo (Poland).
02. The tomb of Queen PHILIPPA OF ENGLAND, consort of King Eric III of Pomerania in Vadstena Abbey (Sweden).





01. The tomb of King CHARLES I KNUTSSON in Riddarholm Church in Stockholm (Sweden).
02. The tomb of Queen CATHERINE, consort of King Charles I Knutsson in Vadstena Abbey (Sweden).

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The tombs of King CHRISTIAN I and his Queen DOROTHEA OF BRANDENBURG in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark)

01. The funeral monument over the tombs of King HANS and his Queen CHRISTINA OF SAXONY in Odense Cathedral (Denmark).
02. The tomb of King HANS in Odense Cathedral (Denmark).
03. The tomb of Queen CHRISTINA OF SAXONY, consort of King Hans, in Odense Cathedral (Denmark).

Tombs in Odense Cathedral (Denmark):
01. King CHRISTIAN II.
02. Queen ELIZABETH OF CASTILE, consort of King Christian II.

01. The tomb of King FREDERICK I in Schleswig Cathedral (Germany).
02. The cenotaph to King FREDERICK I in Bordesholm Abbey Church (Germany).
03. The tomb of King CHRISTIAN III and his Queen DOROTHEA in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark).

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The tomb of King FREDERICK II and his Queen SOPHIA in Roskilde Cathedral, (Denmark)

Tombs in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark):
01. King CHRISTIAN IV.
02. Queen ANNA CATHERINE, consort of King Christian IV.

Tombs in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark):
01. King FREDERICK III.
02. Queen SOPHIA AMALIA, consort of King Frederick III.

Tombs in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark):
01. King CHRISTIAN V.
02. Queen CHARLOTTE AMALIE, consort of Christian V.
03. King FREDERICK IV.
04. Queen LOUISE OF MECKLENBURG, consort of Frederick IV.
05. Queen ANNA SOPHIA REVENTLOW, consort of Frederick IV.

Tombs in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark):
01. King CHRISTIAN VI.
02. Queen SOPHIA MAGDALENA OF BRANDENBURG-KULMBACH, consort of Christian VI.

Tombs in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark):
01. King FREDERICK V.
02. Queen LOUISE OF GREAT BRITAIN, consort of Frederick V.
03. Queen JULIANA MARIA OF BRUNSWICK, wife of Frederick V.

01. The tomb of King CHRISTIAN VII in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark).
02. The tomb of Queen CAROLINE MATILDA OF GREAT BRITAIN, consort of Christian VII in the Town Church in Celle (Germany).

Tombs in Roskilde Cathedral (Denmark):
01. King FREDERICK VI.
02. Queen MARIE OF HESSE-KASSEL, consort of Frederick VI.
03. King CHRISTIAN VIII FREDERICK.











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The tomb of King CHARLES III JOHN and his Queen DESIDERIA in Riddarholm Church in Stockholm (Sweden)

01. The tomb of King OSCAR I and his Queen JOSEPHINE OF LEUCHTENBURG in Riddarholm Church in Stockholm (Sweden).
02. The tomb of King CHARLES IV and his Queen LOUISE OF THE NETHERLANDS in Riddarholm Church in Stockholm (Sweden).














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The tomb of King OSCAR II and his Queen SOPHIA OF NASSAU in Riddarholm Church in Stockholm (Sweden)

Tombs in the Chapel of Akershus Castle in Oslo:
01. King HAAKON VII and his Queen MAUD OF GREAT BRITAIN.
02. King OLAV V.

NORWEGIAN CORONATION CHURCHES

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BERGEN, CHRIST CHURCH/NORWAY
(Bergen, Kristkirken på Holmen; the church was demolished in 1531, there is a monument marking the site).
Here were crowned:
1163: Magnus V
1194: Sverre Sigurdsson
1247: Haakon IV
1261: Magnus VI and Ingeborg of Denmark
1280: Eric II
1281: Margaret of Scotland, consort of Eric II.

KALMAR/SWEDEN
(the coronation church was demolished in the 16th century).
Here was crowned:
1397: Eric III of Pomerania

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LUND CATHEDRAL/SWEDEN (Lund Domkyrka, Kyrkogatan).
Here was crowned:
1406: Philippa of England, consort of Eric III of Pomerania

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OSLO, ST MARY'S CHURCH/NORWAY
(Oslo, Mariakirken; the church was demolished in 1542).
Here were crowned:
1299: Håkon V and Euphemia of Rügen
1442: Christopher of Bavaria
1514: Christian II

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STOCKHOLM CATHEDRAL/SWEDEN
(Stockholm, Storkyrka, Trångsund).
Here were crowned:
1336: Magnus VII and Blanche of Namur

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TRONDHEIM, NIDAROS CATHEDRAL/NORWAY
(Trondheim, Nidaros Domkirke, Kongsgårdsgaten).
Here were crowned:
1449: Charles I
1450: Christian I
1483: Hans and Christina of Saxony
1818: Charles III John
1860: Charles IV and Louise of the Netherlands
1873: Oscar II and Sophia of Nassau
1906: Haakon VII and Maud of Great Britain

NORWEGIAN CORONATIONS IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
(Year, venue, name of the crowned):
1163 BERGEN: Magnus V
1194 BERGEN: Sverre Sigurdsson
1247 BERGEN: Haakon IV
1261 BERGEN: Magnus VI and Ingeborg of Denmark
1280 BERGEN: Eric II
1281 BERGEN: Margaret of Scotland, consort of Eric II
1299 OSLO: Haakon V and Euphemia of Rügen
1336 STOCKHOLM: Magnus VII and Blanche of Namur
1397 KALMAR: Eric III of Pomerania
1406 LUND: Philippa of England, consort of Eric III of Pomerania
1442 OSLO: Christopher of Bavaria
1449 TRONDHEIM: Charles I
1450 TRONDHEIM: Christian I
1483 TRONDHEIM: Hans and Christina of Saxony
1514 OSLO: Christian II
1818 TRONDHEIM: Charles III John
1860 TRONDHEIM: Charles IV and Louise of the Netherlands
1873 TRONDHEIM: Oscar II and Sophia of Nassau
1906 TRONDHEIM: Haakon VII and Maud of Great Britain

Queen Catherine (consort of Charles I), Oscar I/Josephine of Leuchtenburg and Charles II/Charlotte of Oldenburg were never crowned.

Olav V and Harald V/Sonja received Church blessing at Trondheim Cathedral. The ceremony was a substitute of the coronation.

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FOREIGN ROYAL BURIALS IN NORWAY:
BERGEN
Margaret Maid of Norway, Queen of Scotland.

THE NORWEGIAN REGALIA

The most important items of the Norwegian regalia are on public display in the Archbishop's Palace by the Cathedral in Trondheim and include:
-King’s crown, orb, sceptre and horn for the anointing from 1818,
-Queen’s crown, orb and sceptre from 1830,
-Crown Prince’s coronet from 1846,
-Coronation sword (early 19th century),
-coronation mantle of the king and the queen from 1906.

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The crown of Norway (1818)

HISTORY OF THE NORWEGIAN REGALIA
BY MARIUSZ PAŹDZIORA

The story of the Norwegian regalia begins in 1163 when Magnus V obtained the agreement of the Church to be crowned king of Norway. The royal city of Bergen was chosen as the coronation venue while Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim was designated as the place where the regalia were to be safeguarded. In 1183 the Norwegian crown and sceptre fell into the hands of Sverre who claimed to be the rightful heir to the throne of Norway and Magnus V to be merely an usurper. Soon Sverre deposed and killed Magnus V, proclaiming himself the new king of Norway in 1184. The Church, however, refused to crown him and the archbishop fled Norway. Nevertheless in 1194 Sverre managed to force the bishops to crown him, without Papal consent, naturally. His coronation, like that of his predecessor, took place in Bergen.

The next king to be crowned in Norway was Haakon IV in 1247. This time Papal consent was granted. On the occasion of Haakon IV’s coronation a short account of the Norwegian regalia was made. According to it the regalia consisted of a gold crown, two silver sceptres and a coronation sword. In 1235 Haakon IV received from the king of England a gold diadem set with precious gemstones. Bergen witnessed two further coronations, of Magnus VI in 1261 and Eric II in 1280. The last mediaeval king to be crowned in Norway was Haakon V. He was crowned in 1300, but the king broke with tradition and chose Oslo as coronation venue.

Following Norway’s personal union with Sweden in 1319, subsequent Norwegian kings were crowned in Sweden (Magnus VII in 1336 and Eric III of Pomerania in 1397), but the Norwegian regalia were still kept in Norway in the treasury of Båhus Castle. It seems that in 1332 the regalia were transferred to Akershus Castle in Oslo. An inventory written down in the 1340s mentions two sceptres, three gold rings and other items, but not the crown, nor the coronation sword, both mentioned earlier.

Following Norway’s personal union with Denmark in 1380 only a few common kings were crowned in Norway, choosing either Oslo (Christopher of Bavaria in 1442 and Christian II in 1514) or Trondheim (Christian I in 1450 and Hans in 1483) as coronation venues. After 1514 the tradition of separate Norwegian coronations disappeared entirely. The common kings were crowned exclusively in Denmark with Danish regalia only. In 1530 the success of the Reformation made the Catholic archbishop of Trondheim flee Norway. The archbishop loaded the contents of the cathedral treasury - including the Norwegian regalia - onto two ships and set off towards continental Europe. The ultimate fate of the mediaeval Norwegian regalia is unknown, as only one of the ships reached its destination, while the other one went down in Trondheim Fiord.

The tradition of Norwegian coronations was revived after 1814 when Norway was separated from Denmark and united with Sweden. The new Norwegian constitution required a separate coronation for Norway at Trondheim Cathedral. The first common king, Charles II (Charles XIII in Sweden), was too frail and too old to fulfil the requirements of the constitution and was therefore never crowned in Norway. But his successor, Charles III John (Charles XIV John in Sweden), was. His coronation at Trondheim in 1818 was the first Norwegian coronation since 1514. As Norway possessed no regalia at the time, Charles III John provided a splendid set of regalia for his new realm. The crown was first used at the funeral of Charles II in 1818 and later that year for Charles III’s coronation. The regalia were paid for by the king himself and were to be kept in the treasury of Trondheim Cathedral. The new Norwegian regalia consisted of the following items:
Royal crown: made in Stockholm in 1818 by goldsmith Adolf Zethelius. The crown is a corona clausa and consists of a ring carrying eight hoops made of gold and surmounted by a globe of blue enamel and an amethyst cross on top of it. The crown is decorated with numerous pearls and gemstones including amethysts, chrysoprases, a topaz and an alexandrite. In front it is adorned with a huge green turmaline, a gift of the Brazilian consul in Stockholm to King Charles III John.
Royal orb: made in Stockholm in 1818 by goldsmith Adolf Zethelius of gilt silver. It is decorated with small roses placed on a band in the middle of the orb.
Royal sceptre: made in Stockholm in 1818 by goldsmith Adolf Zethelius of gilt silver.
Anointment horn: made in Stockholm in 1818 by goldsmith Adolf Zethelius of gilt silver.
Coronation sword: early 19th century. Tradition has it that the sword was Napoleon’s gift to the future king of Sweden and Norway, Charles John Bernadotte, when he was French marshal.
Queen’s crown: made in Stockholm in 1830 by goldsmith Erik Lundberg. The crown is a corona clausa made of gold. It consists of eight hoops surmounted by a globe of blue enamel decorated with pearls and a pearl cross on top. The crown is adorned with numerous gemstones (amethysts and topazes) and pearls.
Queen’s orb: made in Stockholm in 1830 of gilt silver and decorated with amethysts.
Queen’s sceptre: made in Stockholm in 1830 of gilt silver and decorated with amethysts.
Crown Prince’s coronet: made in Norway in 1846 by goldsmith Herman Colbjørnsen Øyset. The coronet is a corona aperta made of gold and decorated with amethysts, topazes and pearls.

The next Norwegian king, Oscar I (1844-1859), postponed his Norwegian coronation due to a number of obscure reasons, but it seems that the main cause of royal unwillingness to carry on with his coronation in Norway was the opposition of the bishop of Trondheim to the coronation of the queen. As a result neither Oscar I nor his queen were ever crowned in Norway. Oscar I’s son, Charles IV (Charles XV in Sweden), was crowned in Trondheim with his consort, Queen Louise, in 1860. It was the first coronation of a Norwegian queen since 1299. Only two more kings had the opportunity to wear the Norwegian royal crown at their coronations: Oscar II in 1873 and Haakon VII in 1906. In 1908 the Norwegian Parliament adopted a law which abolished coronations in Norway.

The Norwegian regalia, according to the wishes of King Charles III John, were kept at Trondheim Cathedral until 1825 when they were removed to the Regalia Chamber in the archbishop’s palace in Trondheim. After 1835 they were transferred to Oslo (Christiania) and kept in the Regalia Tower at Akershus Castle. Later the regalia were deposited in the vaults of the Bank of Norway in Oslo, where they quietly survived the German invasion and occupation of Norway 1940-1945. In 1988 the regalia were returned to Trondheim and have been on public display in Nidaros Cathedral. In 2006 the Norwegian regalia were transferred to the Archbishop's Palace next to Trondheim Cathedral where they are exhibited on a permanent exhibition in the so-called Regalia Room.

01. Norwegian royal standard, 14th-19th c. and from 1905.
02. Danish-Norwegian-Swedish royal standard of King Eric of Pomerania, 14th/15th c.
03. Norwegian royal standard, 1814-1844.
04. Norwegian royal standard, 1844-1905.

Select Bibliography
Flaggenbuch, Berlin 1905
Kannik P.: Alverdens flag i farver, København 1956
Lagerqvist L. & Åberg N.: Litet lexikon över Sveriges regenter, Boda Kyrkby 2004
Le Gras M. A.: Album des pavillons, guidons, flammes de toutes les puissances maritimes, Paris 1858
Lord Twining: European Regalia, London 1967
Kroninger og regalier, Trondheim 1988
Neubecker O.: Fahnen und Flaggen, Leipzig 1939
Nielsen K., Askholm I.: Danmarks kongelige familier i 1000 år, Rødovre 2007
Norsk biografisk leksikon, Oslo 1999-2005
Pavillons des puissances maritimes en 1819, [Paris 1819?]
Scocozza B.: Politikens bog om danske monarker. Fra Gorm den Gamle til Margrethe 2., København 1998